Vitiligo
Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition in which melanocytes are destroyed, producing well-defined white patches. It affects about 1% of the population worldwide.
Symptoms
Sharply demarcated depigmented macules and patches, often symmetric, on the face, hands, and around body openings. Hair in affected areas may turn white.
Causes and risk
Autoimmune destruction of melanocytes with genetic susceptibility. Associated with thyroid disease, type 1 diabetes, and alopecia areata. Sunburn may trigger new patches.
How it is evaluated
Clinical diagnosis aided by Wood lamp examination. We screen for associated autoimmune conditions with thyroid function tests and fasting glucose. Biopsy if diagnosis uncertain.
Treatment
Topical corticosteroids and calcineurin inhibitors promote repigmentation in limited disease. Narrowband UVB phototherapy treats widespread vitiligo. Ruxolitinib cream is FDA-approved. Our Chicago team discusses realistic expectations.