Insomnia
Insomnia is difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early. Chronic insomnia affects daytime function and health.
Symptoms
Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, daytime fatigue, irritability, poor concentration, and increased errors.
Causes and risk
Stress, anxiety, depression, chronic pain, medications, poor sleep habits, and shift work.
How it is evaluated
Sleep patterns, habits, medical and psychiatric history, medication use, and possible sleep diaries.
Treatment
CBT for insomnia (CBT-I) is first-line. Sleep hygiene, stimulus control, and short-term medication may also help.